African Travel, Safaris and Tours in South and East Africa

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The Highest Garbage In The World

Mount Everest attracts thousands of visitors each year that leave thousands of kilos of all sorts of garbage without much of a fuss.
Famous mountains like Mount Everest, Aconcagua and others that in addition to their celebrity status are relatively easy to reach or at least, approach them, in contraposition to others that are harder to get to, like K2 or Cerro Torre, literally suffer the contamination caused by thousands of enthusiastic tourists and generally well equipped and qualified climbers that constantly try to reach the summit.
These particular developments are causing local contamination to an alarming degree because after each expedition the snow and rocks are left littered with valuable things like tents, oxygen bottles, climbing gear and equipment and even corpses, like in the case of the late climber Mallory, who seems to have been first up there, before Hillary, but died on his way down.
Since these elements don't constitute natural components of the area and are not easily degraded by nature, it becomes evident that tourists, sherpas and climbers are causing an unique sort of contamination.
Of course, climbing gear is necessary to get to the top of such mountains, but we should keep in mind that leaving such traces is bad for the local environment, no matter what and it would be foolish to assume that since it is "just" a bottle or tin can, a broken tent or a rope that we leave behind it won't have any impact. A lot of people think that one cigarette does nothing to the environment, but if you star adding up the "one" cigarette that they are having moment after moment, then things change. Any sort of non-degradable garbage has a negative effect in our world.
It would be ideal to have at least some sort of disposable and biodegradable gear that once used could be assimilated back to nature instead of littering the pristine ground of such high places. Plus, it would lessen the risks and workload of those in charge of cleansing the area periodically. It is ironic that people who love nature have become the main cause of contamination at the roof of the planet, plus, that they are far from self-sufficient there because they need others to take their garbage out of there, if it is ever taken; this should change, and we should lead by our example.

About Adventure Racing

Why are all races survival of the fittest? The fastest always wins. Boring!
What if we could make a leap in evolution. Use our intelligence. Survival of the smartest. Now that is the pinnacle of the human race.
Come evolve to a higher form of life in a new outdoor challenge. Adventure racing transcends everything you have experienced before.
Adventure racing is done in teams of 2 to 4 people usually with at least one of each gender, travelling together navigating through various checkpoints by multiple disciplines. It can involve any type of self propelled activity, from mountain biking to skiing, from trekking to abseiling, from kayaking to horse riding, from coasteering to in-line skating. Races vary in length - anywhere between a short course event of a couple of hours (such as the AROC Sport Adventures) to an expedition length race of 10 days (races like the Eco-Challenge, Southern Traverse and Subaru Primal Quest).
Adventure racing is not just about being fit. It involves resilience, perseverance, teamwork, adaptability and strategy. Most importantly, it is about having fun with friends, taming the urban environment or thriving in our amazing wilderness. You can choose your own pace but you will always be challenged, both physically and mentally. You will need to work together as a team.
The race starts - you have a map, a team and an objective. You race against your judgment. This way or that way? On foot, on bike, on water. Strategy is everything. Before the race starts you need to decide on your team composition. Do you build your team based on speed, on navigation ability, on problem solving skills, on stamina or on who can be cool under pressure? Issues of gender fade away. Mixed teams are proving to be among the worlds best combinations. At last a chance to test whether women can read maps and if men will ever ask for directions!
Adventure racing condenses a myriad of lifetime experiences into a short intense race period. But at the same time adventure racing requires you to use your life experiences to succeed. Now you have an opportunity to enjoy your health and fitness like never before. Come and join us for some recreation, exploration and invigoration through adventure races and outdoor challenges. Find out more about the AROC Sport Adventures -
click here.

Finding out more about adventure therapy

Proceedings of previous International Adventure Therapy Conferences
The
proceedings from the past 4IATC's provide a comprehensive overview of approaches to adventure therapy and working theraputically outdoors.
Research on adventure therapy: where to find resources?
Given that a lot of adventure and outdoor therapy (adventure, wilderness, and nature therapy) practice has developed out of the Outdoor Education movement, outdoor therapy related research papers tend to be found amongst Outdoor Education journals and wider literature. Also, outdoor therapy has common factors with other outdoor and adventure programming factors (e.g. risk management) so wider outdoor related research and literature is relevant when developing outdoor therapy interventions. The following journals are where you would source some outdoor therapy related texts.
Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning (JAEOL)The purpose of this international journal is to promote dialogue, research, thinking, understanding, teaching and practice in the field of adventure education and outdoor learning.
Article example, which for a limited period is freely available to download from the JAEOL website of Taylor & Francis (please click on article title to download):
Russell, K. C., & Farnum, J. (2004). A concurrent model of the wilderness therapy process. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 4 (1): 39-55.Journal of Experiential Education (JEE)This American journal is a peer-reviewed, professional journal presenting a diverse range of articles in subject areas such as outdoor adventure programming, environmental education, therapeutic applications, research and theory.
Article example:Neill, J. T. (2003). Reviewing and benchmarking adventure therapy outcomes: Applications of meta-analysis. Journal of Experiential Education, 25 (3), 316-321.
Australian Journal of Outdoor Education (AJOE)
This peer-reviewed journal is devoted to the scholarly examination of issues in the field of outdoor education.
Article example:Crisp, S. (2003). Publishing spurious research findings won't build a profession: Response to Brand's (2001) evaluation of the Wilderness Enhanced Program Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 7(2), 2003
Therapy Today: Outdoor Cure
Therapy Today (The Magazine for Counselling & Psychotherapy Professionals) published a themed edition titled 'Outdoor Cure: Therapeutic processes and the outdoors' in December 2005. The articles published in this themed edition offer an overview of some of the different approaches taken to working therapeutically in the outdoors. The following articles are freely available in Therapy Today's Archive (to access the article click on the article title).
Outdoor cure: There is a growing interest in adventure and wilderness therapy. For over a decade, Kaye Richards and Jenny Peel have developed practice, training and research in this area. Here, they report on the innovative and compelling ways of working offered by adventure and the outdoors.
Ecolimia nervosa? Consumption, sources of nourishment, eating problems and ecopsychology are intimately connected. By Mary-Jayne Rust
Transactions on the rock face: Nick Ray, adventure therapist and psychotherapist, works with clients both inside the therapy room and out in the natural environment
Other related articles published in this themed edition and available to purchase include:
Wild at Heart: another side of ecopsychology. By Nick Totton
Bleeding hearts and forget-me-nots: Victims of torture are finding healing through working in the Medical Foundation's Garden Project where they are empowered to communicate and regenerate in self-chosen ways alongside their therapists. By Claire Pointon
Ecopsychology and supervision: Colluding with the splitting off of ecological concerns is unhelpful to both supervisee and client. By Sue Weaver.

Kathmandu Sprint Series – Melbourne Race Report 05

Sunday 13th February saw a capacity field of 51 teams descend upon Yarra Bend Park just 10 minutes out of Melbourne CBD.
At registration the male, female and mixed teams of two were issued with their pre-marked maps and course description and given approximately 45 minutes to plan their route and mark up an intended course. Teams must collect all of the checkpoints in order by either foot, bike or boat as described in the course notes. The mass start saw 102 competitors running up the hill to Yarra Bend lookout to collect their first checkpoint. Teams jostled for position so as not to get caught behind the pack. In the excitement a number of teams over shot the mark only to retrace their steps and take a place in the middle of the bunch. Another three checkpoints were collected on route to the run/kayak transition. The 4.5km foot stage took the top teams under 30 minutes to complete with only five minutes between the first 25 teams! With such a tight pack everyone was pumping like mad (teams were required to inflate their own kayaks) to be first on the water for the 2.5km paddle back to the start/finish transition area. Tri Dubai (Simon Knowles and Chris Leigh) were first off the water having over taken, Ice Monsters (Kate Reeves and Sam Maffett) on the water. Teams replaced kayaks with one Mountain Bike for a ‘Ride and Tie’. Teams then had to ride and run around a 3km course while staying within 100m of each other. This gave Endurance Freaks (Josh Street and Andrew Wolstencroft) a chance to finish the stage with the leaders.Another MTB was collected on their way past the transition area before completing a 10km ride around the park, including a small stretch on Yarra Boulevard. Two hours into the race, and there was still only three minutes separating the top four teams.The 2km paddle and 1km portage proved to be the deciding factor with Tri Dubai creating a six minute gap between themselves and Ice Monsters in 2nd place. Team Franzke (Ian & Carolyn Franzke) moved in to third place just ahead of Endurance Freaks. Tri Dubai maintained their lead on the 3.5km run that took them over Kane’s Bridge and past Dights Falls. However Team Franzke were over taken by Endurance Freaks who reclaimed third. The positions stayed the same for the final 6km MTB sprint with Tri Dubai completing the course in 2hrs 51min, 2nd Ice Monsters 2hrs 58min and 3rd across the line was Endurance Freaks in 3hrs. 1st, 2nd & 3rd places in each category walked away with over $2,000 of prizes supplied by Kathmandu. Full results and photos can be found on the website: www.maxadventure.com.au“Thank you very much for a great day. Anthony and I had our first lesson in adventure racing and it was fantastic fun. We are looking forward to more and have plans to do the longer races. Your team was great and made the day very easy for us enjoy other people with similar interests in a safe environment.” Greg“Thanks again for organising a great event in Melbourne. You did a great job with the course design at Yarra Bend.” Cameron

Stirring up the dust on an Outback Odyssey

We roar along the dirt road towards the Northern Territory border with Hell’s Gate on our right and the never-ending outback on our left. Darwin is a shimmer in the distance ahead and Cairns just a speck in our rear vision mirror. We’re on the biggest outback odyssey of our lives, the Savannah Way, even though the trail of dust is already settling behind us, like we’ve even never passed through.The Savannah Way is an adventure drive that strings together Cairns and its coral adorned reefs, to Broome and its pearl embedded ocean. It slices across the Territory – weaving around stray cattle on the roadside, running down the main streets of tiny townships, and dropping in right to the verandah of some of Australia’s best outback pubs.We roar past the ominous sign welcoming us to Hell’s Gate and stop in a cloud of dust at the quirky little service station. Our 4x4 guzzles up diesel from the bowser in big gulps and our adventure into the wilds of the Territory is about to begin.
The road from Hell’s Gate to Borroloola is bumpy. And there’s rivers that need to be crossed (although these are mostly dried up to a trickle by the middle of the Dry season). The locals at Wollogorang Station, which operates as a roadhouse just inside the NT border, lean back in their seats thoughtfully, and inform us the road should be fine because it was graded just before the wet. And they’re right. Except for all the creek wash-outs that definitely make this path a 4x4 drive early in the Dry. Savannah scrub whizzes past the windows, as does a semi-trailer bogged in the Robinson River (with a very patient truckie waiting by its side). And before we know it, we’re at the Heartbreak Hotel at Cape Crawford… and it’s a lively night tonight! Travellers mix with cowboys and ringers, sharing tales and taking turns picking tunes on the jukebox. It’s a party into the wee hours of the morning, including boot-scooting on the dance floor, and we fall exhausted into our tents which are attached conveniently to the roof of our Britz 4x4 hire car. It’s parked under a nice shady tree in the caravan park, which is attached to the back of the pub.
Hovering in a helicopter by 8am the next morning, I leave my companions sleeping peacefully while I go off to explore the Lost City, which is in the Abner Ranges, not far from Cape Crawford. The Lost City can only be reached by air. The sandstone formations tower into the sky like skyscrapers – the only thing that’s missing is the busy city traffic. The precarious skyscraper rocks have been more than a billion years in the making and consist of 95 per cent silica, held together by an outer crust made mainly of iron, giving them their red colour. We swoop down between the rock faces and take a wander around the base of this sea of peaks which stretches into the horizon. My pilot picks up a handful of the soft sand and crumbles it between his fingers. The next day, cooking toasted cheese sandwiches on a campfire by the side of the Roper Bar road, we watch fishing boat after fishing boat, filled with cheerful fishermen, heading north towards Limmen Bight, one of the fishing meccas of the Territory. We pack up and follow the trail of dust in the distance… and as we cross the Towns River, a crocodile glides across the top of the water, which is gushing across the road in front of us. I take a quick "snap" (excuse the pun) with my camera, and when I get the film developed upon my return to Darwin, find myself staring at a crocodile’s spiny tail, disappearing into the murky depths …
That night we pull up on a high bank beside the Limmen River and cook a camp oven dinner. Delicious veggies and roast lamb -- which has kept remarkably well in the little refrigerator in the back of our hire car. Cooking marshmallows for dessert, we fall asleep to the crackle of the camp fire. The next morning, we awake to the sound of fishermen starting up their boats at first break of light and speeding off in bursts across the glassy water as the sun pushes up behind the trees.We’re almost home. We know that when we hit the bitumen, not far out of Roper Bar. After being out of mobile phone range for almost a week, it’s daunting to be heading back into reality. About two hours down the road, we pull into the tiny Territory town of Mataranka – which is famous for its thermal springs. (Interestingly, it seems Mataranka is also famous with the famous. A signed photograph of Russell Crowe is nestled above the bar in the little Mataranka pub, which has walls covered in signatures, photos and memorabilia. A barmaid explains that the Hollywood star drops in whenever he is passing through.) We head out to the thermal springs, but hang a right before we get there and set up camp at Elsey National Park and go for an early evening canoe on the peaceful Roper River – the only living creatures we have to share it with is a few waterbirds. We warily eye the croc trap sitting on the opposite river bank. If it’s empty, that must mean …It’s our final day on the road. Somehow the gentle hum of the tyres on the bitumen of the Stuart Highway, winding up through Katherine to Darwin, just isn’t as thrilling as the sound of skittling rocks on an outback track. We’ve driven through some of the remotest parts of the Territory, indeed Australia. I look in the rear vision mirror at the empty road unravelling behind me and see the end of an amazing adventure. Now I just have the other half of the epic Savannah Way ahead of me.
Savannah Way Fact File:
• It’s 3699km from Cairns to Broome
• Most of it can be done in a family sedan
• It includes five World Heritage listed sitesTerritory must-dos along the Savannah Way:
• A sunset canoe on the Roper River at Elsey National Park, near Mataranka
• A helicopter ride over the Lost City at Cape Crawford
• A beer at the Heartbreak Hotel
• A fishing charter to the Gulf of Carpentaria near Borroloola
• 4x4 driving in Gregory National Park
• Bushwalking through the unusual landscape at Keep River National Park
• A detour to Kakadu and Litchfield national parksFor more information, visit http://www.savannahway.com.au/, or pick up a copy of the Hema map of the Savannah Way. The Katherine Regional Tourist Association also has information on 08 8972 2650.

Stranded in the Flinders Ranges

The large Wedgetail Eagle dropped out of the weakening thermal it had been sharing with us for the last 15 minutes or so. It flapped uphill towards the base of Wilpena Pound. For a moment, I pondered whether to follow, in the hope it might lead us to the climb we so desperately needed. One look down at the uncomfortably close, unlandable terrain below convinced me otherwise! We needed all the distance between us and the ground that we could possibly get! It was either scraping away from here or else... I did not want to contemplate the alternative yet! Completing the next circle in zero sink at best, I got one last glimpse of the Wedgie as it disappeared with powerful strokes behind a tree about halfway up the hill.
For the next few minutes, I concentrated hard on flying as precisely as I could and tried to sense even the faintest gust of rising air through the wings of our ASK-21 twin-seat sailplane. In the front seat, knowing that the last thing I needed now was any kind of distraction, Joanne remained quiet and clutched her half full heavy-duty, zip-lock freezer bag, careful not to spill any of its malodorous contents. Despite her many flights as my trusty co-pilot, she has never been able to overcome her airsickness although she thoroughly enjoys our soaring adventures.The audio vario softly beeped its up and down indications at me, and the averager dithered about the zero mark. With all my mental strength, I willed this measly updraft to pick up and carry us back into the bright blue sky where we had come from. Several more circles resulted in nothing other than the altimeter reading roughly the same that it had for what seemed like hours. Once we had actually gained perhaps 200ft, only to gradually lose the precious margin again before I managed to shift our circles into better air once more.Retching sounds from the front seat – for the second time on this flight – broke my concentration for only a second but it was enough to let the glider slip into a less optimal orbit. Shallowing our turn in the hope to reconnect to this scanty trickle of solar energy, I set up a wider search loop through the next few degrees around the compass – to no avail. Without any significant lift right now, we were not high enough to complete another circle with sufficient margin for a proper circuit of our only landing option.Dejectedly I rolled out of the turn parallel to the Wilpena airstrip for our downwind leg, gave a smart, hopefully professional sounding circuit call on the radio – the tourist pilots from the commercial flight operations at Wilpena and possibly Rawnsley would be listening in – and went through my landing checks. Joanne had finished her ‘business’ and zipped up the second freezer bag on this flight. I told her that I was going to land and turned onto base leg. A neat, well-banked turn – we might have professionals watching here – had us lined up into wind on a precise final approach. A measured dose of airbrake and we touched down precisely on the threshold of the gravel strip. With the remaining inertia, I taxied the glider off the runway and pulled up into an empty slot past a tied down ‘Stationair’ next to the car park. That should have impressed any onlookers but even after I had helped Joanne climb out of the cockpit – ever mindful of ‘The Bags’ – there was no one to be seen.Once ‘The Bags’ were disposed of in a bin next to the little hut at the entrance, I peered inside through the open door. Apart from a few tools, tins of oil and hydraulic fluid etc. it was empty. I had hoped for a phone or radio connection to the nearby resort, but there was nothing. My mobile, too, indicated ‘no service’. I went back to Joanne and we settled in for a bit of a wait in the shade under our glider’s wing. Back on terra firma and after a drink, she felt visibly better. There were two cars in the car park so someone would turn up eventually…It was the Balaklava Gliding Club’s annual pilgrimage to the Flinders Ranges. One by one, the familiar cars and 4-wheel-drives of our fellow club members arrived at the Arkapeena bush camp, some with caravans or camper trailers, others with the club glider trailers in tow. Tents were pitched, caravans manoeuvred into position, annexes erected. Slowly the little community took shape and a large communal campfire was built, around which we would gather to cook our meals and enjoy each other’s company long into the cool, dark nights.Next morning our operating base was set up at the old airstrip not far from the camp. The four club gliders as well as several private ones were rigged and carefully checked; the large tie-down pegs were driven into the ground and the winch wire was laid out. Before long, the first glider lifted off to soar silently above the rugged landscape around Wilpena Pound.Every year, usually in spring, we shift our club operations up here for a week to take advantage of the good soaring conditions and to admire the breathtaking scenery. Gliding in this part of the world is not exactly for beginners. Apart from the few airstrips, there is nowhere to land and the weather always has surprises in store. Conditions can change in no time at all. For the more experienced glider pilot, though, this is a magnificent playground. Given the right wind strength and direction, the long, craggy cliffs and ridges produce strong updrafts and sometimes standing lee waves that extend to well above 10 000ft. The sunbaked rocks generate strong thermals that often reach 6 - 9000ft or more.Yesterday had seen our white planes with their long, sleek wings float effortlessly to 8000ft into the cloudless sky above the Chace Range and the Pound. I had just taken off for a sightseeing flight with my daughter Jessica in the front seat, when I heard excited reports over the radio of a bikini-clad beauty sunbathing on St Mary Peak. A concerned parent, I turned the radio down to protect my minor passenger from the adult content and concentrated on working the nice big thermal that steadily carried us aloft. An awe-inspiring panorama slowly rotated beneath us – the Elder Ranges, Hawker township in the distance, Chace and Druid Ranges, the ABC Range, the long band of nameless rocky ridges snaking north towards the horizon, the unbelievable vista of Wilpena Pound and Lake Torrens in the far background.After several encores, the scenery gradually sinking away from us, we reached the top of the thermal at 8000ft. From this lofty height, we did an easy half lap of the Pound and soon joined two other gliders in a thermal overhead St Mary Peak to top up for a second time. Jessica was delighted. Neither her brothers nor her mum had been here in a glider before. We were both enthralled by the view. My own enjoyment was only negligibly marred by the sight of a group of hikers descending on the trail just below the summit. After a quick dash over Edeowie Gorge, where another strong thermal made up the few hundred feet we had lost on the glide there, a fast cruise brought us back to Pound Gap in only a few minutes. With plenty of height for safety, I cut the corner, accelerating across the inside of this large, crater-like formation and aimed for Rawnsley Bluff at its south-eastern corner. As the ground of the opposite rim rose up closer to our glide path, our high speed became very apparent and I could see Jessie’s wide grin in the canopy reflection. She was absolutely thrilled. We skimmed low and fast over the rocks. Then the cliff fell away, giving us plenty of height to span the short distance to the Arkapeena airstrip.Naturally, the rest of the family was green with envy and after hearing the story of our adventure for the umpteenth time, my better half developed very specific expectations for the following day. It was her turn for a flight after all. But as always when plans are made – especially for a glider flight – the weather would demand a say as well.With my task firmly set, we took off into a slightly hazy, late morning sky. The gliders that had taken off earlier reported reasonably good lift to 5800ft. With no more than perhaps 3000ft above the lower ground to play with – much less above the ridge tops – this flight would require a lot more skill than the ‘walk in the park’ yesterday. But I do like a challenge. I was encouraged by the radio calls of two higher performance gliders who had made it across to the Wilpena side of the Pound and found ridge lift from a northerly breeze. The prospect of being able to do a few high-speed runs along the weathered rock walls spurred me on. I vividly imagined zooming low over the scrub and crippled trees that cling to the stony outcrops for mere survival, the wingtips unnervingly close to the sheer cliff face; then pulling up into a fast climb, our destination quickly sinking away below us; a slow 180° turn high above the peak, then dive down to accelerate for another run…The thermal we had found shortly after release from the winch felt quite different from the wide, powerful ones yesterday. It was narrower and weaker, requiring me to turn steeper to stay in the core and get a decent climb rate. By the time we reached the top at 5500ft, we had drifted a short distance to the south-west. I headed for Rawnsley Bluff expecting that the light breeze would be caught in the narrow ravines to be channelled upwards and heated by the sun-exposed rocks. My theory proved correct and a stronger but very rough thermal carried us aloft once more, a few hundred feet higher this time. Knowing my dear wife’s reaction to the tight manoeuvring required in these conditions I asked her how she was going. We could just turn for home now and enjoy the great view on a direct and lazy glide back. No, She was unwavering! Very well, I always do as She says. So I pushed on, trying to maintain a straight and level cruise. However, pockets of strong sink and the narrow working band between the rocks and the tops of the thermals demanded more frequent height replenishment. Another narrow column of warm, rising air about three kilometres past Point Bonney propelled us back to our previous height, reinforcing my confidence. The slopes above the Wilpena resort were now in easy reach. This was where the first freezer bag found its use. Again, my offer to turn back met solid opposition. We were very determined to see St Mary Peak!As we coasted on a westerly heading toward Pound Gap, the air suddenly became suspiciously smooth. I stuck to the jagged ridgeline, gently zigzagging above it. If not pushed up the slope by the breeze, the air here would be warmed by the rocks in the direct sunlight and should thus rise in bands along the north-facing ridge. Relentlessly we sank towards the harsh terrain. I was desperately looking for gliders or other indications of lift and told Joanne of our situation. Abeam the resort we were barely above ridge height following the contours down into the Gap. A look at the windsock at the Wilpena airstrip told me that there was no longer any hope of ridge lift – it was firmly indicating a light easterly – parallel to the slope. That was when Joanne pointed out the eagle below us. Skimming low over the rocks, it was very obviously in search of lift. Cautiously I followed, staying wide to the eagle’s right to increase our combined search area and thus our chance of finding lift. Occasionally we caught the eagle cheating – flapping its wings once or twice – not a good sign! The cliff edge was now above us, rising up towards our intended destination. The undulated, rock-strewn landscape below was definitely no place to land a glider.I left the Wedgie to fend for itself and headed towards the low-lying hills north-east of the Wilpena airstrip. The early afternoon sun scorched the hillsides at right angles and the easterly breeze should trigger the resulting hot air to rise. If there was still lift to be found at all then this would be one of the few places. It was also the perfect position for joining the Wilpena circuit, right on the downwind leg.The ground dropped away and shortly after we intersected the end of the runway with barely 1000ft of air below our wings, I could feel the telltale signs: a little turbulence followed by increased sink and then the mounting seat pressure. The thermal was nothing spectacular but as long as we were still airborne, there was hope. We might just be able to scrape away.Halfway around our first centring turn we both spotted our friend the Wedgie again, furiously flapping its wings. It had obviously followed and, with a glide angle worse than ours, was now even further below us. I expected it to catch up to us very quickly, but it took a surprisingly long time. We were both doing our best to cling to this mere puff of rising air, staying opposite each other in the circle and shifting our orbit towards where we perceived a relative gain on the other. It was fascinating to watch the animal close up in its element. Every tiny movement of a feather was with purpose. That was when we started loosing ground again and the Eagle threw in the towel.

Nepal Adventure Trek Trip

BootsnAll Travel Network is hosting its first annual adventure trek in Nepal, and everyone is welcome to join. Come hike with us for 2 weeks through the Himalayas this October as we spend time traversing the Annapurna Circuit.
The Annapurna Circuit is one of the best popular trails in Nepal, and if you desire to discover huge mountain peaks, dotted with little remote village, come to Nepal and see all it has to offer.
We have organized guides and porters to help us on this Nepal expedition into the high mountains ridges, following a path with little villages for us to stay in each night.
Check out more details about our
Nepal Adventure Trek
The Changing Face of Trekking in Nepal
Australian newspaper The Age has taken a good look at how adventure tourism is changing in Nepal as the country undergoes political change and modernization. In this story, published over the weekend, they discuss how one of the worlds most famous treks, the Annapurna Circuit, has been altered forever by the opening of road in the region early last year.Tourism has always been an essential part of the economy in Nepal. The colorful and vibrant city of Kathmandu held an allure to visitors from abroad, and they often spent time there exploring its temples and market places. But with recent upheaval in the capital, more and more tourists are simply passing through Kathmandu for other destinations, and when they arrive at those places, they're finding that they have changed as well.The article notes that a number of guide services have either shortened their Annapurna treks or eliminated them altogether. The newly constructed road that cuts a path through the region has changed the iconic trek forever, and it's forcing adventure travelers to look elsewhere. For instance, many now trek through the Khumbu Valley, which has seen a surge in traffic in recent years with backpackers traveling up to Everest Base Camp and staying in traditional tea houses along the way. It's a shame that one of the world's great treks, like the Annapurna Circuit, is being changed so dramatically, but in this day an age, a lot of countries are struggling with maintaining their natural resources but still making changes that can improve their quality of life. It's hard to fault a country for improving it's infrastructure, but it's sad when it comes at the expense of such an amazing trek like this one

Adventure racing

Adventure racing is a combination of two or more disciplines, including orienteering and navigation, cross-country running, mountain biking, paddling and climbing and related rope skills. An expedition event can span ten days or more while sprints can be completed in a matter of hours. There is typically no dark period during races, irrespective of length; competitors must choose if or when to rest.
Adventure racing historically required teams to be of a specified size and to include both men and women, but many races no longer restrict team size and include single-sex divisions. Some also include age-based categories.

Race types
Lengths
Sprint: typically a two to six hour race, featuring minimal navigation and occasionally involving games or special tests of agility or cunning.
12-Hour: a six- to twelve-hour race, featuring limited navigation and orienteering.
24-Hour: a race lasting between 18-30+ hours, typically involving UTM-based (
Universal Transverse Mercator) navigation. Often basic rope work is involved (e.g., traverses or rappels). 24-hour and longer races often require that competitors employ a support crew to transport gear from place to place. Other races do not permit support crews, with race organizers transporting gear bins to designated checkpoints for racers.
Multi-day: a 36-48+ hour race, involving advanced navigation and route choice; sleep deprivation becomes a significant factor.
Expedition: Three to 11 day race (or longer), involving all the challenges of a multi-day race, but often with additional disciplines (e.g., horse-back riding, unusual paddling events, extensive mountaineering and rope work).
Disciplines
The vast majority of adventure races include trail running, mountain biking and (ideally) a paddling event. Navigation and rope work are also featured in all but the shortest races, but this is only the beginning. Part of the appeal of adventure racing is expecting the unexpected. Race directors pride themselves at challenging racers with unexpected or unusual tasks. Races often feature:
Paddling:
kayaks, canoes, out-riggers, rafts and tubing;
Traveling on wheels:
Mountain Bikes, kick-scooters, in-line skates, roller skates;
Beasts of Burden:
Horses and camels;
Catching Air:
Paragliding, hang-gliding;
Covering Terrain:
Orienteering, mountaineering, coasteering, swimming, canyoneering, riverboarding;
Learning the Ropes: Ascending;
rappelling, traversing (including via zip-line).
Formats
Adventure Races (AR) come in various formats and difficulties combined with the listed disciplines. Because of the navigation aspect to adventure racing, orienteering style races are borrowed to create different race formats.
Full Course: A race with mandatory transition areas and check points that are obtained in order to officially finish the race.
Short Course: A format typically used when cut-off times are instituted and to avoid forcing teams to 'DNF' (do not finish) where one or more sections are omitted in order for teams officially finish a shorter version of the race.
Adventure Rogaine: A format borrowed from orienteering where the race has a set finish time and the objective is to obtain as many points as possible within the given time frame. Adaptations for AR include mandatory and optional points and also borrowing from Rogaining, varying point values based on the check point location.

Adventure

An adventure is an activity that comprises risky, dangerous or uncertain experiences. The term is more popularly used in reference to physical activities that have some potential for danger, such as skydiving, mountain climbing, and extreme sports. The term is broad enough to refer to any enterprise that is potentially fraught with risk, such as a business venture or a major life undertaking. An adventurer is a person who bases their lifestyle or their fortunes on adventurous acts.
Adventurous experiences create psychological and physiological
arousal, which can be interpreted as negative (e.g. fear) or positive (e.g. flow), and which can become a detriment as per the Yerkes-Dodson law. For some people, adventure becomes a major pursuit in and of itself.
Adventurous activities are typically undertaken for the purposes of recreation or excitement, such as multi-sport
adventure racing or a traveler's adventure tourism. However, an adventurous activity can lead to gains in knowledge, such as in the case of the numerous pioneers who have explored and charted the Earth and, in recent times, traveled into space and to the Moon. As a more modern example, adventure education makes use of challenging experiences for learning.
Moreover, adventure can be describing an unusual experience or participating in exciting undertakings. An adventure action can be involving risky undertaking or an action without concerning outcome. In addition, taking an adventure can be illustrating taking the chance or to adventure an opinion.

How to tackle Steep Turns

Being able to corner on your mountain bike is one thing but particularly steep switchbacks require a technique all of their own. Here’s how to tackle those tight and steep turns.
Step 1. Whenever you are out on the trail, it pays to look ahead-this tip will assist in almost any situation. You have to get over any fear of what is directly under you as it is already too late to avoid it. At low speeds you will need to look at least three or four metres in front-the faster you go the further you need to look up the trail. By looking ahead you will see the corner coming, pick the best line and avoid any major obstacles. This way you won’t be faced with any last second surprises. As you approach the corner, slow down accordingly. Steeper and tighter corners will need to be tackled at lower speeds-almost at a standstill in some cases. Brake evenly, retain control, avoid skidding and eye up your line through the corner.
Step 2. On a fast flowing corner you would lean the bike over, place your outside pedal down and put your weight on the outside foot. Low speed corners are very different-steep slow corners require you to keep your bike upright and really turn the front wheel. Your pedals will generally be level and you should be up off the saddle so that you can shift your weight back as required. The idea is to keep your weight centred between the wheels-the steeper the entrance to the corner the more you will need to get your weight towards the back of the bike.
Step 3. Go to a skills camp or ask someone how to corner and they’ll probably tell you, ‘don’t touch your front brakes in a turn.’ This is all well and good on a gentle grade but on a grade but on a steep incline with no brakes you will accelerate out of control and spear off into the bush! Steep corners require controlled use of both front and rear brakes with a heavy emphasis on ‘control’. The steeper the grade, the more front wheel turned and your front brake you will need to use. The combined effect of having your front wheel and your front brake on while gravity is trying to suck you down will all be trying to throw you over the bars. To counter this you need to get your weight back-the more you use your front brake, the more you will need to shift your weight back.
Step 4. As you continue through the corner you need to balance the use of your front brake against the need to maintain forward motion. If you go too slowly you can stall on an obstacle (like a tree root) and this could send you over the bars. Controlled use of your brakes means feather them rather tan just pull them on hard. Don’t let your wheels stop turning and be ready to let go of your brakes if something tries to stall you-feather the brakes and keep those wheels turning! Keep your weight balanced an look towards the exit of the corner.
Step 5. Once you are almost out of the corner you can ease off on the brakes and let gravity pull you through. This will help you roll over any obstacles that may lie in you r path and help you to retain your balance upon exiting the corner. Obviously if the trail continues to drop steeply you will need to keep a check on your speed. As with any skill, start basic and work your way up. Start on a tight low speed corner that is not too steep –this will allow you to practice your low speed balance and control with out jumping in at the deep end too soon. Practicing brake control on a steep grade will also assist with your confidence-remember the aim is to go slow without skidding.

Snowfields of Australia

The drought may be biting hard in most of Australia but fortunately for snow skiers, the word is that it will snow a lot earlier than usual this year. This prediction comes from long range weather forecaster John Moore who forecasts for medium to heavy snow in June, the week before the long-weekend in fact. So the word is … book early. August bookings are already looking solid.
With that in mind, your next question is, where do you ski and stay this winter? You can expect to see some big changes in some of the popular resorts this winter. New chairlifts, reworked runs and long overdue renovations. Smaller improvements include ideas such as "never evers", roped-off areas so you can learn to "glide" without colliding with those who know what they’re doing.
The New South Wales Snowfields
Thredbo – NSWThredbo Village hugs the mountainside opposite the ski hill. The Thredbo ski slopes are a sprawling 480 ha of wide open slopes and interesting trails through snowgums. It boasts Australia’s longest run, Karel’s T-Bar to Friday Flat, at 5.9km. Thredbo boasts it has the country’s longest runs but all can be skied in a day. Thredbo is 5 hours drive from Sydney and 7 hours from Melbourne Victoria.Spending $3 million to $5 million every year for the past few, Thredbo hasn’t been holding back when it comes to upgrading facilities and visual appeal. Thredbo is a world class alpine village with the only one to rival Thredbo’s atmosphere and cosiness being Mt Buller in Victoria.The feeling in Thredbo Village is that of a classic alpine village offering sophisticated restaurants as well as your favourite pizza and kebab bars. After a day of skiing you can visit The Bistro for a game of pool or sip champagne in the Lounge Bar. Dance through the night in the Keller or drink cocktails in the new Apres Bar at Denman Mountain Inn. So whats new at Thredbo this year? First there’s a new ski run to try. Ramshead’s Tower 10 has been removed to open up the new World Cup Run alongside the Supertail. More features appear in the terrain parks, and for the kids, new skiing zones have been set up on Friday Flat plus the new roped off glide area for never-evers.Beginners are welcome at Thredbo! Thredbo always knew it was a little imposing to beginners as you had to take a long chairlift ride to the learners’ area, and this was always going to be a little off-putting. With this in mind, Friday Flat was created at the base area, where beginners can walk up a few stairs and start learning on the very gentle slope accessed by a moving carpet. No chairlift required!When you are ready to take the next step there’s a four-seater chairlift to the top of the beginners’ slope to get you used to getting on and off a chairlift without incident.Where to ski at ThredboFor advanced skiers its hard to go past Cannonball Run and Little Beauty after taking off from The Bluff. This run is full of tight turns, fun rollers, has a natural fall line and… is never crowded. The intermediates will enjoy the Cruiser at Mieritts and the Supertrails while beginners can learn at their own pace on Friday Flat.
www.thredbo.com.auPerisher Blue – NSWWith 50 lifts and over 1,245 ha of space, Perisher Blue is a big, spread out ski field. In fact Perisher Blue is the biggest resort in the southern hemisphere. Perisher offers shorter runs than most other ski fields but packs in plenty of interesting skiing with its pretty valleys and heaps of natural rollers. Perisher offers excellent skiing for all standards and is 5 hours drive from Sydney and 7 hours from Melbourne.It’s less intimidating than other Australian ski fields with T-bars the main way to get around and the initial slopes are very gentle with the longest run at 3km. Spring festival (in September) will be bigger and better this year with Perisher celebrating its 10th anniversary since four ski fields joined together to create just one.New this year is a five-and-a-half day pass allowing package-holiday makers squeeze in an extra half day. Perisher has added a snow tube park at Mt Piper, adjacent the Perisher car park, providing fun for all ages. Blue Cow has more snowmaking and a bigger slope style with more rails and boxes.There’s good news for snowboarders and free skiers this season with a new Playstation supersized terrain park at Blue Cow. This year Perisher is expanding the First Tracks program to include forays to Blue Cow as well as Mt Perisher. All boarders and skiers of strong intermediate standard or above will love First Tracks.Where to ski at Perisher BluePleasant Valley at Blue Cow, or Smiggins are best for beginners. Front Valley or Guthega are great for intermediates with Mt Perisher and The Ridge at Blue Cow the best for advanced skiers. Snowboarders should head to the new Blue Cow Superpark.Try something a little different this winter and ride at night with the mountain groomers on Front Valley.www.perisherblue.com.auCharlotte Pass – NSWCharlotte Pass is a small family resort with a cluster of 12 older style friendly lodges. The village is dominated by Kosciusko Chalet, a snow bound chalet which is one of the most historic inns in the Snowy Mountains. At 1760m, Charlotte is Australia’s highest ski resort and is also the closest resort to Mt Koszciusko. You can only access the ski village via an 8km snowcat trip.The skiing at Charlotte Pass is gentle and on a big bowl visible from the Kosciusko Chalet. The Snowy Hydro’s cloud-seeding program is expected to boost snowfall in the area by up to 25 per cent. www.charlottepass.com.auThe Selwyn Snowfields – NSWThe Selwyn snowfields is mostly devoted to beginners and novice skiers making it a beginners paradise. Only 12 per cent is graded black. Selwyn has 12 ski lifts, tubing and tobogganing areas and a base facility. Selwyn is a great place to bring children or if your looking for your first snow experience.Snow making has been boosted by a third to cover 80 per cent of the Selwyn ski field. A magic carpet lift has been installed for the children’s ski school.Note: there’s no accommodation at Selwyn. You stay at Adaminaby, 35 minutes away. You can also stay at Tumit or Cooma which are both about an hour away, in different directions.Selwyn snowfields is the snow playground your whole family will enjoy, with skiing, snowboarding, tobogganing, snow tubing or just having fun playing in the snow.www.smhc.com.au
The Victorian Snowfields
Between June and September, stay in a Victorian alpine resort above the snowline and experience the ultimate advantage of ski-in, ski-out accommodation. The Victorian state’s snowfields offer a complete range of exhilarating snow activities in a diverse array of settings.At Mt Buller, just a three hour drive from Melbourne, you can enjoy a lively après-ski scene. In the European style village of Falls Creek, you can choose from an array of outstanding bars and restaurants. Or fly to Mount Hotham and test your skills on the slopes of the state’s highest resort.Mt Buller - VictoriaA sophisticated ski resort, Mt Buller is Victoria’s equivalent to NSW’s Thredbo. Just three hours from Melbourne, Mt Buller is a great all-round resort suitable for all standards of skiing. This year Mt Buller takes the honour of offering Australia’s only new chairlift, the Emirates Discovery quad chair on the north side. This new chairlift is the star attraction of Mt Buller’s fleet of 25 lifts, which can carry more than 40,000 people an hour and serve the 80 km of groomed runs on the 263 hectares of ski fields.So where is the best places to ski at Mt Buller? Beginners are best suited to Bourke St or Burnt Hut. Intermediates will love the wide blue runs off the Emirates Discovery chair lift, and Little Buller Spur and Wombat are still the classics.Federation is Mt Buller’s signature advanced run and after a snowfall, the Wombat Bowl’s Outer Edge is outstanding. After a fresh dump of powder, The Village Run, an ungroomed north-side black run, offers spectacular skiing through the gum trees and holds the snow well. This gives you plenty of time to make fresh tracks!For snowboarders, the Shakey Knees and Tirol are now great as you don’t have to clip off or skate across the terrain.This year, cross-country skiers will benefit from the new Mt Buller gate entry, which now includes entry to Mt Stirling. A new bridge has been built to open up access to that mountain.Your rest days are easily filled if you use Mt Buller’s other facilities. Try out the cinema, gym or spa retreat. Or just jump on a chairlift for a scenic ride and a mountain coffee.
www.mtbuller.com.auMt Hotham - VictoriaLong known as the serious skier’s resort, Mt Hotham has raised the stakes in the après department too. A 5 hour drive from Melbourne and 9 hours from Sydney, Mt Hotham is the only resort with an airport. Direct flights operate from Melbourne and Sydney so it’s the closest snow destination to every capital city in Australia.At 320 ha, the Hotham ski field is smaller than its two NSW counterparts, but Hothams major plus is the bucket loads of true powder snow. It also has good fall line skiing, plenty to challenge the advanced skier.Hotham has 85 marked runs Easy Street to the Wall of Death, but for every ski run there are another two bearing local names that can’t be found on a trail map. Beginners can go straight to Big D, an area designed for first-timers that also has night skiing on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Once you have your ski legs you can head to the Summit. Intermediates can try out The Orchard and advanced skiers will love the Extreme Zone and One Tree Hill.www.hotham.com.auFalls Creek - VictoriaWhether skiing, boarding or snowplay’s your thing, Falls Creek should keep you happy. Falls Creek is a ski resort that will offer thrills for everyone in your family. It doesn’t matter how hot you are on the snow. About four hours drive from Melbourne, Falls Creek offers 92 runs, most are for intermediates and there are excellent terrain parks and a superpipe. Falls Creek is a car free village.For the first time this year Falls Creek will introduce a new week long program designed specifically for the beginner. The "Beginner-Friendly" program will operate from June 20 –24 and is expected to be an annual event. Beginners will use the latest skis or boards and start gently, getting the same instructor for all five days. The program includes a five-day lift/lessons/rental pass, additional lessons on the first and second afternoons, one snow-tubing session, video analysis, a souvenir group photograph and certificate."First Tracks" is another innovation for those who love the freedom of the slopes. This program operates every Wednesday and allows up to 20 skiers first crack at Sun Valley from 8am, before they open the lifts to everyone else.Also, new this season is an extra 5 hectares of snowmaking with five new fan guns added at Drovers Dream. At the terrain parks on Sun Valley and Ruined Castle there’s a stack of jumps, rails and fun boxes for all levels of freeriding.Where to ski at Falls Creek? Beginners head to Drovers Dream. Intermediates ski Sun Valley and the Towers chairlift. You can also catch the Scott and Ruined Castle chairs. For the advanced skier, The Maze, Village Bowl and Mt McKay are good choices. Terrain parks near the Ruined Castle chairlift are suited to freeriders.For the advanced skier or snowboarder, a visit to The Maze is terrific after a snowfall with advanced skiing through the trees a standout. Cabbage Patch has good steeps. Oest Wand has a nice testing pitch for intermediates and above. Shadow Ridge is a hidden gem off the Scott chair. For children, the Fox Trail terrain park introduces small jumps for them to get the feel for free air.www.fallscreek.com.auMt Buffalo - VictoriaThis boutique ski resort is a great place to learn to ski. Mt Buffalo is located 3.5 hours from Melbourne and 8 hours from Sydney. Mt Buffalo’s ski area has been resurrected for 2005 with new accommodation that makes it an affordable ski destination for families. Accommodation in the resort has been refurbished and upgraded. A new café and restaurant will also be ready for the 2005 season, along with five ski lifts, updated ski-hire facilities and a new snow-grooming machine.Under new management, Mt Buffalo’s smaller ski area (Dingo Dell) which was damaged by the recent bush fires will become a snow-tubing park with a new café. Mt Buffalo also has 15kms of cross-country trails and snow-shoeing to outstanding lookouts. www.mtbuffalochalet.com.auMt Baw Baw - VictoriaAnother of Victoria’s boutique ski resorts, Mt Baw Baw is 2.5 hours drive from Victoria and 12 hours from Sydney. Mt Baw Baw has 5 lifts on a 30 ha ski field, 10km of cross country trails, toboggan run and a snow tube park.www.mountbawbaw.com.auLake Mountain - VictoriaKnown as Victoria’s cross-country and snowplay resort, Lake Mountain is under 2 hours drive from Melbourne and only 20 kms from Marysville. Lake Mountain has 37 kms of cross-country trails and seven toboggan runs. This year a new six-gun snow making system will extend the season and ensure the toboggan runs and ski school area have fresh snow.www.lakemountainresort.com.auMt Stirling - VictoriaIf cross country skiing at Mt Stirling has more of a semi-wilderness feel with over 60kms of cross country trails to explore. Mt Stirling, which sits besides Mt Buller is 3.5 hours drive from Melbourne and just 32km from Mansfield. Winter facilities at Mt Stirling include snow patrol, cross country ski lessons, ski hire and a bistro.

Walk up Mount Bruce in Western Australia

Todd and I always go camping in June/July each year after Todd has finished his mid year Uni exams. We have gone to Coral Bay many times and thought this year we would go to Karijini National Park.We packed the car on Thursday night and got to bed early for an early start. We left home (Perth) at 3am and headed off with a full tank of petrol
I started driving while Todd had a bit of a sleep in the car. We headed off through New Norcia, Meekatharra and stopped for breakfast at Mount Magnet. We also take some home made sausage rolls and home made egg and bacon pie for our trips. My mouth is watering now just thinking about them, because they are scrumptious. (We make the best sausage rolls and pie – okay you probably think you do too and I am not going to argue with you, but I do like ours). Anyway we eventually arrived at Dale Camping ground at Karijini NP about 5pm. We set up camp and had a look at some pamphlets of what we would do the next couple of days and had an early night. It was very hard going to bed because the skies really come alive in the Pilbara with stars in all their glory.
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The next day we went gorge walking and the following day is what my story is all about. We were going to walk up Mount Bruce. Mt Bruce is the second largest mountain in Western Australia at 1235 metres. The brochure rates the walk up Mt Bruce as a level 1, class 4. This means they are for experienced, fit walkers. Trails may be unmarked and go over steep, slippery and unstable surfaces. Few, if any, improvements have been made. It also says the walk to the summit is a 9km walk and 6 hour return. We have done quite a lot of walking including extended walks on the Bibbulmum Track (that is another story). We are also both reasonably fit. (Okay Todd is very fit and he was in the middle of his hockey season, and I am sort of fit – so together we are reasonably fit).Karijini can get very cold at night time during winter and on this Saturday in late June the temperature had got down to zero during the night. We had some breakfast and left out camping site at about 6.30 in the morning to get an early start. We had not seen Mt Bruce before and Karijini is very hilly. We saw a large mountain and thought that must be it. As we drove closer and closer to this mountain we continued to think that was the one. We then turned around a corner in the road and off in the distance we saw this huge thing and knew the mountain we had thought was the one was only a little bump in the landscape.We pulled up at the car park and started to walk. Even though it was still very cold we started off in shorts and t-shirt and obviously had plenty of water and something to eat plus some warmer clothing just in case.We headed off at 7am. We had not travelled too far and off to our right we saw Marandoo Mine. This is a huge mining operation in Tom Price and the ore is railed to Dampier for shipping overseas. As we were walking, still relatively gradually at this stage, we were looking all around us at the vast array of flora and fauna but continually looking over at the mine. During one of these looks towards Marandoo we saw a train coming from Newman to travel through Tom Price onto Dampier to unload. We stopped walking and started to count the carriages of the train. We both got up to 200 and agreed to stop counting because we were not even half way through counting the carriages – it was veeeeeery long.We got as far as Honey Hakea which is 4.6km from when we started. The walk at this stage was alternating between very steep to a relatively gradual incline. We stopped here for a bit of a rest and something to eat; we had been drinking our water as needed up to this stage anyway. The view here gave us a great site of the mulga surrounding Mount Bruce.Continuing on we came to a steep rocky section with a couple of rock cairns to show us the way. At one stage we took the wrong turn and came to an impassable section. Back-tracking we found our mistake and had to actually walk around the face of this rock. There was a chain hammered into the rocks here for safety because if you fell it was good bye. (It was safe though). After negotiating our way around the chain we then came to a fissure in the rock we had to climb up. This was vertical and obviously for safety sake we took our time here.By this time, we were well and truly over 3/4 of the way and equally we (okay, I) was starting to feel the pinch a bit. We are both very determined when it comes to physical activity and there was no way we were not going to make it all the way to the top.We eventually made it to the summit and the view of the landscape was absolutely spectacular. We saw an eagle soaring below us. We saw the road we drove on to get to the base of the mountain and low and behold way, way down there we saw a car towing a caravan. It looked like a little ant or maybe a little toy car like the kids have.We took our obligatory photos, had something to eat and drink, signed in the book that we had made it (noting the last date someone else had reached the top was 8 days before) and felt fairly pleased with ourselves and started back the same way we came.On the way back we saw a young couple walking up who said they were going all the way. (I hope they made it). We saw an older couple who had stopped for coffee and cake and they said they had gone far enough and were going back down.We arrived back at our car and felt quite pleased with ourselves for achieving this magnificent walk.If you get the chance to go on this walk up Mount Bruce, make the most of it. If you get all the way like Todd and I did - fantastic, if you get part way the walk will still be well worth it with some spectacular views.